After the foundation of PRC., the Chinese Communist Party and Chinese Government attached great importance to the medicine and health services in Dehong Prefecture area. Once the Work Team for Minority Nationalities entered the villages, they would first bring the medicine with them and set out to prevent and cure all kinds of diseases and later on more than 300 people of the Teams for Epidemic Prevention, the Medical Teams and the Teams for Maternity and Children Hygiene were sent to Dehong Prefecture to offer support; they gradually set up medical institutions and trained medical technicians. By the end of 1952, the 8 hyiene agencies including the three hospitals——Luxi National Hospital, Ruili National Hospital and Yingjiang Hospital, the commune hospitals in Longchuan, Lianghe and Lianshan county and the Second Malaria Control Institute had been established, which had 27 ward beds, 137 doctors, nurses and medical workers. By the end of 1965, the hygiene agencies had grown into 56 in the prefecture; hospitals, sanitation and anti-epidemic stations, maternity and children health centers had been established on the prefectural and county level; in the township, there were commune hospitals; in the prefecture all together there were 674 ward beds, 1.4 per mill on average and 634 sanitary technicians, 1.4 per mill on average; there was also a host of medical-care workers and midwives who had received vocational training, possessing much practical experience in the countryside, which formed fundamentally three levels of medical care net for the countryside.

　　After the Party’s Third Plenary Session of the 11th Party Central Committee in 1978, the health service in Dehong Prefecture witnessed its rapid development once more. Up till 1983, the general incidence of notifiable diseases had been down to ratio of 285 /10,000 persons and malaria incidence down to 13.49 /10,000 persons. In 1991, the prefecture realized the nation’s stipulated goal of inoculation for “Four Bacterins”; the incidence of the diseases for tuberculosis, chincough, diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis and measles largely dropped. By the end of year 1992, the prefecture had had 235 hygiene agencies at various levels and of all sorts; there were 3209 ward beds, 3337 sanitary technicians, which fundamentally changed the conditions of lacking doctors and medicines in border and minority areas.

　　During the period of “The Tenth Five-year Plan”, Dehong Prefecture speeded up the construction of the health service. By making the use of the state construction projects and other funds, the prefecture built the new Surgery Building of the Prefectural Hospital, the Prefectural Infected Section, the Prefectural Center for Urgent Medical Treatment and Rescuing , the infection departments in the counties and cities, and the Syntheses Buildings of Disease Control in the counties and cities, which greatly reinforced the abilities for offering service and the capabilities of hygiene emergency for the institutions of hygiene, and the institutions of medical treatment; it also set up a center for long-distance video diagnosis and treatment; the People’s Hospital of Prefectural Medical Treatment Group performed successfully the replantation of severed limbs (finger), the intervention diagnoses and cure for arrhuthmia, kidney dialysis, substitution techniques of artificial knee joint, microsurgery excisions for the intracranial tumor, the micro - wound cures for cerebral hemorrhage, the excisions for the polypi in the alimentary tract with endoscope and other advanced and complicated operations; other hospitals in the counties and cities also to some extent launched some operations of applying and spreading the new medical techniques, achieving some favorable economic and social benefits; there were 250 village clinics that carried into execution of integration management for country health service in 46 villages(Xiang) and townships.

　　In 2005, the incidence of the infectious diseases in the prefecture reduced to the ratio of 787 /100,000 persons from that of 9000 /100,000 persons, which was the number for infectious diseases at the beginning years of P.R.C. founding; the death rate of infectious diseases was down from the ratio of 60 /100,000 persons to the ratio of 6.33 persons/100,000，which is the rate during beginning years when the P.R.C. was found. The prevention and cure of AIDS also made breakthrough progress; since the year of 1989, when the first AIDS infected patient was detected from the drug addicts, the departments of hygiene epidemic prevention in Dehong Prefecture had vigorously plunged into the prevention and cure jobs of AIDS; in 2004, the country government fixed Dehong Prefecture as the key working area of preventing and curing AIDS， giving a priority support of financing, talents, technical equipment; the prefectural government took the prohibition of drugs and the AIDS prevention as the key point of working，determining to launch a people' s war of prohibition of drugs and the AIDS prevention in the whole prefecture; it selected and sent 1693 members of work teams to stay for a three-year period in the 359 village (resident) committees, communities and farms to assist the drugs prohibitions and the AIDS prevention; this laid a favorable foundation for the AIDS prevention and curing job.

　　In the year of 2005, the sum of the fixed assets in the prefectural health departments amounted to 328,140,000 Yuan. There was one hospital that reached the scale of the third class, B grade among the 12 polyclinics above the county level; two hospitals were the second class, A grade; 7 hospitals were the second class, B grade. They were equipped with Helix CT, color ultrasonography，Hyperbaric Oxygen Chambers，exterior shock wave knapper and other pieces of advanced medical equipment. There were 97 health agencies, 3363 ward beds, 2985 sanitary technicians (of whom 115 had senior title, 889 had intermediate title and 1754 had junior title); there were 3.17 ward beds per mil, 2.82 sanitary technicians per mill; there were 340 village clinics and the covering percentage for village clinics was 97.64 %; there were 763 country doctors and 659 countryside midwives. Every year, there were 154,380,000 patients coming for diagnosis and treatment in the prefectural health agencies, among whom 66547 were hospitalized, 65909 left hospital after recovery; the cured rate was 55.86 %; 31.89 % was for the rate of meliorating the sickness; the death rate was 0.69 %. The prefecture formed a health service network of medical treatment that centered around the prefectural hospitals, hinging on the county level hospitals and basing upon the township level hospitals; its combined service abilities were enhanced and could basically meet the medical service needs of the mass. (Translated by Zhang Chengtie)